IMPORTANT REMINDERS ON QUOTATIONS AND CITATIONS:

    (a) Any facts or ideas taken from a source require a citation to that source.
    (b) Paraphrasing of a statement or idea from a source, if done properly, means that no quotation is necessary; however, a citation is *still* required.
    (c) Minor modifications do *not* consitute paraphrasing, and *still* require quotation marks.

The following shows examples of the differences between quotations and paraphrasing:

Quotation: "The moon tends to rise early on clear nights, but the precise time of rising depends upon the season." [Source 2, page 5.]
** This is a word-for-word quote from the source, and therefore uses quotation marks.

Quotation: "The moon [usually] rise[s] early on clear nights, but [it] depends upon the season." [2, pg. 5]
** Despite a few wording changes, this is still a recognizeable quote, and you must use quotation marks.
Brackets are used to indicate the slight changes or additions to the quote that were made by you.

Paraphrase: It's difficult to know exactly when the moon will rise, because the time it will rise varies from season to season. However, it usually rises earlier on evenings without clouds or fog. [2, pg. 5]
** This is an example of a true paraphrase of the above statement.

If you use your own words to describe the same thought, you need not use quotation marks. (In fact, you *should not* use quotation marks.) However, because the *information* was still obtained directly from your source, you must still include a citation to the source. This citation does two things:

(1) It shows that you have a basis for the information you claim to be true; and
(2) it gives proper credit to the original author.

** Remember: Reports without citations and a full bibliography will *not* be accepted! **